Environmental impacts occur from the entire product life cycle

Understanding of customer and consumer needs and wants

Information from the life cycle of products

Supply chain interaction

A need for product-oriented approaches and policies

What is IPP?

IPP (Integrated Product Policy) is an approach which seeks to reduce the life cycle environmental impacts of products from the mining of raw materials to production, distribution, use, and waste management.

What is IPP?

The driving idea is that integration of environmental impacts at each stage of the life cycle of the product is essential and should be reflected in decisions of stakeholders.

What is IPP?

IPP focuses on those decision points which strongly influence the life cycle environmental impacts of products and which offer potential for improvement, notably
(continued)

What is IPP?

eco-design of products,

informed consumer choice,

the polluter pays principle in
product prices.

It also promotes instruments and tools which target the whole life cycle of products.

Why IPP?

Who needs IPP and why?

Does industry need IPP?

Does government need IPP?

Is IPP something similar to IPPC (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control)?

So, what is IPP?

IPP is all the traditional policy instruments related to products?

And, if so what’s so new about it?

But we do work with IPP!

IPP has been a priority for the Swedish chairmanship of the EU.

IPP is discussed by almost all governments of the EU.

IPP is reiterated by the EU bodies.

IPP is also discussed in policies beyond environmental issues.

Swedish approach to IPP

IPP work in-between governmental organisations.

IPP network of stakeholders from different organisations.

IPP dialogues gathering broad participation from various sectors of society.

Swedish approach to IPP

IPP includes all relevant policy approaches:

Chemicals policy (substance bans)

Environmental fees

Eco-labelling

Extended Producer Responsibility

Chemicals Policy

Improved knowledge

Substance bans

Environmental fees

Today mainly for air emissions:

- SO₂, NO_X, CO₂

IPP also includes a proposal for differentiated VAT

Eco-labelling

Extended Producer Responsibility

Strategy

Reduced total impact of a product

Responsibility for the entire life-cycle

Reclaim, recovery, final disposal

Is implemented through the use of steering instruments

Why extended producer responsibility?

Waste treatment will get increasingly expensive

Disposal costs is seldom included in the product price

It is difficult to solve problems related to product content after the manufacturing

What are the aims?

Two main goals:

Solve the problems related to the already existing waste.

Stimulate environmentally conscious product development.

Solutions related to the
end-of-life management

Improved collection systems

Improved waste treatment (sorting, dismantling, treatment of toxics)

Increased recycling

Solutions related to product and system change

Development of more adapted products

Introduction of new product systems

Development of new waste management technology

Extended Producer Responsibility

Focus on selected product groups

Packaging

Cars

EEE : Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Tyres

Newsprint

Batteries

Packaging

German Packaging Ordinance in 1991

Followed by most European countries, but considerable differences in implementation

Result of Dual System 1997

Germany - Plastics Recycling 1989-97

Total packaging consumption
in Germany 1991-96 (Mton)

Legislative development for EEE

Europe

Three proposed EEE-related directives in EU

Regulations in force: Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland, Sweden

Denmark (not EPR)

Asia

Taiwan

Japan

EEE Legislation in Europe

Three EU directives:
- WEEE (Waste EEE)
- RoHS (Reduction of Hazardous Substances)
- Design directive

All EEE included

Differences between countries

Differencies in opinion in industry

Free-of-charge collection

EEE Legislation in Japan

Enforcement: April 2001,

with revised waste management law

Driving forces:

Increase of waste and scarcity of final disposal site

Necessity of increasing resource efficiency

Packaging Recycling Law and development of legislation abroad

Scope: four large home appliances (TV sets, refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners) for the first phase

Next target: PC under different regulation

EEE Legislation in Japan

Range of producer responsibility

Physical responsibility for recovery & treatment on individual basis

Recycling rate requirements: 50-60% by weight

cf. exclusion of recycled materials with negative value

Informative responsibility on the recovery cost àprominent manufacturers announced the same price

Physical responsibility for collection from end-users (distributors)

Financial responsibility by end-users at the time of disposal

Incentives for change

Who is responsible for what?
- Individual responsibility vs. Collective

Are there relevant feed-back mechanisms built into the product system?

What do we know today?
- An IIIEE study of 21 Japanese and Swedish manufacturers of EEE and vehicles

Concluding remarks

Products will continue to be an important focus of environmental policy in Europe and Japan

The IPP work will continue to develop

EPR legislation is established and an integral component of IPP

Environmental policies are gradually being integrated into various other policy sectors

Contacts

Homepage:   www.iiiee.lu.se

E-mail:   iiiee@iiiee.lu.se
              thomas.lindhqvist@iiiee.lu.se

P.O. Box 196, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden

Visits:   Tegnérsplatsen 4, Lund


	Understanding of customer and consumer needs and wants
	Information from the life cycle of products
	Supply chain interaction
	A need for product-oriented approaches and policies


	IPP (Integrated Product Policy) is an approach which seeks to reduce the life cycle environmental impacts of products from the mining of raw materials to production, distribution, use, and waste management.


	The driving idea is that integration of environmental impacts at each stage of the life cycle of the product is essential and should be reflected in decisions of stakeholders.


	IPP focuses on those decision points which strongly influence the life cycle environmental impacts of products and which offer potential for improvement, notably (continued)


	eco-design of products,
	informed consumer choice,
	the polluter pays principle in product prices.
	It also promotes instruments and tools which target the whole life cycle of products.


	Who needs IPP and why?
	Does industry need IPP?
	Does government need IPP?

	Is IPP something similar to IPPC (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control)?


	IPP is all the traditional policy instruments related to products?

	And, if so what’s so new about it?


	IPP has been a priority for the Swedish chairmanship of the EU.
	IPP is discussed by almost all governments of the EU.
	IPP is reiterated by the EU bodies.
	IPP is also discussed in policies beyond environmental issues.


	IPP work in-between governmental organisations.
	IPP network of stakeholders from different organisations.
	IPP dialogues gathering broad participation from various sectors of society.


	IPP includes all relevant policy approaches:
	Chemicals policy (substance bans)
	Environmental fees
	Eco-labelling
	Extended Producer Responsibility


	Today mainly for air emissions:
	- SO₂, NO_X, CO₂

	IPP also includes a proposal for differentiated VAT


	Strategy
	Reduced total impact of a product
	Responsibility for the entire life-cycle
	Reclaim, recovery, final disposal
	Is implemented through the use of steering instruments


	Waste treatment will get increasingly expensive
	Disposal costs is seldom included in the product price
	It is difficult to solve problems related to product content after the manufacturing



	Two main goals:
		Solve the problems related to the already existing waste.
		Stimulate environmentally conscious product development.


	Improved collection systems
	Improved waste treatment (sorting, dismantling, treatment of toxics)
	Increased recycling


	Development of more adapted products
	Introduction of new product systems
	Development of new waste management technology


	Packaging
	Cars
	EEE : Electrical and Electronic Equipment
	Tyres
	Newsprint
	Batteries


	German Packaging Ordinance in 1991

	Followed by most European countries, but considerable differences in implementation


	Europe
		Three proposed EEE-related directives in EU
		Regulations in force: Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland, Sweden
		Denmark (not EPR)
	Asia
		Taiwan
		Japan


	Three EU directives: - WEEE (Waste EEE) - RoHS (Reduction of Hazardous Substances) - Design directive
	All EEE included
	Differences between countries
	Differencies in opinion in industry
	Free-of-charge collection


	Enforcement: April 2001,
	with revised waste management law
	Driving forces:
		Increase of waste and scarcity of final disposal site
		Necessity of increasing resource efficiency
		Packaging Recycling Law and development of legislation abroad
	Scope: four large home appliances (TV sets, refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners) for the first phase
	Next target: PC under different regulation


	Range of producer responsibility
		Physical responsibility for recovery & treatment on individual basis
		Recycling rate requirements: 50-60% by weight
		cf. exclusion of recycled materials with negative value
		Informative responsibility on the recovery cost àprominent manufacturers announced the same price
		Physical responsibility for collection from end-users (distributors)
	Financial responsibility by end-users at the time of disposal


	Who is responsible for what? - Individual responsibility vs. Collective
	Are there relevant feed-back mechanisms built into the product system?
	What do we know today? - An IIIEE study of 21 Japanese and Swedish manufacturers of EEE and vehicles


	Products will continue to be an important focus of environmental policy in Europe and Japan
	The IPP work will continue to develop
	EPR legislation is established and an integral component of IPP
	Environmental policies are gradually being integrated into various other policy sectors


	Homepage: www.iiiee.lu.se
	E-mail: iiiee@iiiee.lu.se thomas.lindhqvist@iiiee.lu.se
	P.O. Box 196, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
	Visits: Tegnérsplatsen 4, Lund